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Integrated biomarker responses of rice associated with grain yield in copper-contaminated soil

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Abstract

Copper (Cu) contamination in soil is an environmental issue that affects rice growth and development. This study investigated changes in photosynthetic capacities in combination with integrated biomarker responses at different growth stages of rice (Oryza sativa L. var. Hom Bai Toey) exposed to various concentrations of Cu. A randomized complete block design with four replications was used. Exposure to high copper concentrations of 200 Cu mg kg−1 of soil and more resulted in a marked decline in the photosynthetic efficiency of Photosystem II (Phi2) but increased yield of non-photochemical quenching (PhiNPQ) and yield of non-regulatory energy dissipation (PhiNO) at tillering and flowering stages. In addition, these concentrations induced a delay in the flowering of rice, as a consequence of stress experienced in early growth stage. Significant lipid peroxidation and leaf area reduction were observed with 400 Cu mg kg−1 treatment at flowering stage. Rice grain yield decreased significantly at copper concentrations of 200 and 400 mg kg−1. Overall, excess copper inhibited photosynthetic capacity, growth, and development of rice in the early growth stage, and synergistic effects of yield components contributed to final grain yield reduction at harvesting stage. In addition, calculated integrated biomarker response (IBR) values reflect well the severity of Cu toxicity with a decreasing order from tillering stage to harvesting stage.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Phatcharee Roekngandee and Pablina Cadiz for their valuable help, and Assoc. Prof. Dr. Seppo Karrila and the RDO, Prince of Songkla University for assistance with proofing the English.

Funding

This project was financially supported by Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Energy System (IGS- Energy) scholarship under grant number IGS-Energy 2017/2-004; Faculty of Environmental Management under grant number SD-ENV 01/2019; and Graduate School of Prince of Songkla University (PSU).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Environmental Management, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90110, Thailand

    Than Htwe, Ponlachart Chotikarn & Sutinee Sinutok

  2. Marine and Coastal Resources Institute, Faculty of Environmental Management, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90110, Thailand

    Ponlachart Chotikarn

  3. Coastal Oceanography and Climate Change Research Center, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90110, Thailand

    Ponlachart Chotikarn, Pimchanok Buapet & Sutinee Sinutok

  4. Agricultural Innovation and Management Division, Faculty of Natural Resources, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90110, Thailand

    Saowapa Duangpan & Jumpen Onthong

  5. Plant Physiology Laboratory, Division of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90110, Thailand

    Pimchanok Buapet

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  1. Than Htwe
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All authors contributed to the study conceptualization and design. TH, SS, PB, and PC performed methodology, formal analysis, and drafting of manuscript. SS, PC, SD, JO, and PB have reviewed and edited previous versions, and all authors have read and approved the final submitted manuscript.

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Htwe, ., Chotikarn, P., Duangpan, S. et al. Integrated biomarker responses of rice associated with grain yield in copper-contaminated soil. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 8947–8956 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-16314-y

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